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Ethics

What about indigenous and subsistence cultures?

Last reviewed: April 12, 2026

Summary

Veganism's definition — "as far as possible and practicable" — explicitly accounts for subsistence situations. The ethical critique of Western industrial animal agriculture is not a critique of Maasai herders, Inuit hunters, or other communities where plant-based alternatives may genuinely not be accessible or culturally appropriate.

Evidence Summary

{"keyPoints": [ "The Vegan Society's own definition includes the phrase "as far as possible and practicable," which was specifically designed to acknowledge that not everyone has equal access to plant-based alternatives. Subsistence hunters and herders in food-insecure environments face fundamentally different circumstances than consumers in wealthy industrialized nations with year-round access to diverse plant foods.", "Indigenous food sovereignty is a justice issue.

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