Frequently Asked Question
HealthCardiovascular disease (CVD)
Last reviewed: January 9, 2026
Summary
Many observational studies and clinical trials show plant-forward patterns can improve CVD risk factors (LDL cholesterol, blood pressure) and are associated with lower CVD risk. Effects depend on overall diet quality (whole foods vs ultra-processed).
Evidence Summary
- Replacing animal products with plant foods often reduces saturated fat intake and increases fiber.
- Substituting plant-based meat alternatives for meat has shown LDL reductions in short-term RCT evidence. Evidence quality: Moderate (risk-factor outcomes; long-term endpoints less direct for PBMAs) Limitations / nuance: UPF plant foods can be associated with worse outcomes; the “plant-based” label is not a halo.
Supporting Evidence
Caveats: Effects depend on overall diet quality; UPF plant foods may have different outcomes.